Preventive and Repressive Supervision of Beauty Product Distribution
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Abstract
Beauty products require intensive legal supervision because consumers cannot independently verify ingredients, contamination levels, manufacturing quality, or the accuracy of promotional claims before purchasing. This article examines preventive and repressive supervision of cosmetic products within business law and evaluates the implementation of consumer protection in Indonesia. A normative legal method is applied through statutory and conceptual approaches. The analysis shows that preventive supervision operates through business legality, cosmetic notification, manufacturing requirements, safety and quality standards, contamination limits, labeling, claims, promotion, and advertising. Repressive supervision begins when violations are identified through inspection, sampling, consumer reports, product withdrawal, distribution restrictions, administrative measures, dispute resolution, and criminal liability where statutory elements are satisfied. Digital commerce creates additional difficulties because illegal products, misleading claims, and sellers can rapidly move across accounts and platforms. Effective consumer protection therefore requires coordinated digital supervision involving regulatory authorities, electronic marketplace operators, consumer institutions, and the public. Legal supervision is most effective when pre-market controls, post-market monitoring, consumer remedies, and digital enforcement operate as an interconnected system.
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