The Application of Restorative Justice in Resolving Speech Cases in the Digital Space: A Normative Analysis of the Electronic Information and Transactions Law and the Criminal Code
Main Article Content
Abstract
This article examines law enforcement on speech in the digital space by linking Article 27 paragraph (3) of the ITE Law to Articles 310-311 of the Criminal Code in accordance with Constitutional Court Decision No. 50/PUU-VI/2008, as well as assessing the role of police discretion in the framework of restorative justice. The normative analysis focuses on the integration of criminal regulations, the National Police Chief's guideline SE/2/II/2021, and judicial policies that prioritize restoration. The findings show that the restorative approach—mediation, apology, and reparation—is more in line with the objectives of protecting dignity and the principle of ultimum remedium. Consequently, law enforcement that prioritizes restoration can reduce conflict escalation, reduce the burden of cases, and strengthen public trust. Recommendations are directed at operational standards for social media-based cases, improving investigators' competence on human rights and digital evidence issues, structural collaboration with platforms, and expanding public digital literacy. The theoretical implications affirm the relevance of the idea of law as social engineering, while the practical implications require tiered oversight to ensure consistent, transparent, and fair implementation.
Article Details
Section
How to Cite
References
Alelxander, A. (2023). Peran Masyarakat Dalam Penegakan Hukum di Indonesia. IJOLARES: Indonesian Journal of Law Research, 1(1), 11-15.
Andriati, S. L. (2018). A Novelty of Impact of Social Media from the Legal Perspective. https://doi.org/10.23917/JURISPRUDENCE.V8I1.5987
Arifin, R. (2020). Legal Reform Discourse in Indonesia and Global Context: How Does The Law Respond to Crime. https://doi.org/10.15294/JLLR.V1I2.37057
Asmara, R., & Iskandar, H. (2021). Penerapan Restorative Justice Terhadap Anak Yang Berhadapan Dengan Hukum. Jurnal Hukum Samudra Keadilan, 16(2), 320-332.
Asshiddiqie, J. (2005). Konstitusi dan Konstitusionalisme Indonesia, Jakarta: Konstitusi Press
Barton, C. K. (2003). Restorative Justice: The Empowerment Model. Hawkins Press.
Bawono, B. T. (2019). Reformation of Law Enforcement of Cyber Crime in Indonesia. Jurnal Pembaharuan Hukum, 6(3), 332-349
Braithwaite, J. (2002). Restorative Justice & Responsive Regulation. New York: Oxford University Press.
Chazawi, A., & Ferdian, A. (2010). Tindak Pidana Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik. Malang: Bayu Media Publishing,
Djatmiko, R. G. H. (2023). Transformasi Kebijakan Administrasi Publik Menuju Era Society 5.0. Penerbit Adab.
Fajrin, Y. A., & Triwijaya, Ach. F. (2020). The concept of penal mediation for defamation delict in the indonesia ite law as a manifestation of restorative justice. https://doi.org/10.20961/YUSTISIA.V9I3.36167
Febriansyah, F. I., & Prasetyo, Y. (2020). Konsep Keadilan Pancasila. Unmuh Ponorogo Press.
Felisiano, I., & Paripurna, A. (2010). Profesionalisme Polri Dalam Penerapan Wewenang Diskresi Dalam Kasus Tindak Pidana Pencurian (Studi Kasus Pencurian Kakao, Pencurian Biji Kapuk, Dan Pencurian Semangka). Yuridika, 25(3), 245-258.
Fuady, M. (2013). Teori-Teori Besar (Grand Theory) Dalam Hukum. Jakarta: Prenadamedia Grup.
Hadi, S. (2010). Kriminalisasi Anak. Jakarta, PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Hartanto, & Dewi., A. (2021). Posisi Hukum Korban Perzinahan yang dilaporkan atas Tindak Pidana Kesusilaan Berdasar Undang‑Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik. Jurnal Hukum: To‑Ra, 6(3), 199–207
Hartanto, H., & Sudarmono, A. (n.d). Omnibus Law Between Justice And Benefits. In The 1st Proceeding, The 6th Proceeding International Conference And Call Paper, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung.
Hartanto, H., Budiarto, D., & Rhiti, H. (2022). Penerapan restorative justice kepolisian terhadap pencemaran nama baik dalam dunia digital. https://doi.org/10.30588/jhcj.v2i2.1100
Hasibuan, L. R. (2014). Restorative Justice sebagai Pembaharuan Sistem Peradilan Pidana Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2012 Tentang Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak. USU Law Journal, 3(3), 64-71
Hawalia, M., & Darusman, C. (2022). Implementation of restorative justice based on decree of the directorate general of general justice agency of the supreme court number 1691/dju/sk/ps.00/12/2020 concerning implementation of guidelines for implementation of restorative justice in general. Jurnal Ilmu Hukum. https://doi.org/10.58471/justi.v12i2.651
Hiariej, E. O. (2016). Prinsip-Prinsip Hukum Pidana. Yogyakarta: Cahaya Atma Pustaka
Iskandar, J. D. H. (2018). Kedudukan Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia Dalam Sistem Ketatanegaraan Indonesia. Lex Administratum, 6(4), 46-55.
Istiqamah, D. T. (2018). Analisis Nilai Keadilan Restoratif pada Penerapan Hukum Adat di Indonesia. Veritas et Justitia, 4(1), 201-226.
Jannah, M., & Hakim, A. B. (2023). Defamation and Insult Through Information and Communication Technology Media According to Law No. 19 of 2016 Concerning Amendments to Law No. 11 of 2008 Concerning Electronic Transaction Information. Journal of Social Research. https://doi.org/10.55324/josr.v2i4.824
Kaban, A. P., Hamdan, M., Ginting, B. S., & Mulyadi, M. (2022). Analisis Hukum Tentang Kepentingan Umum Menurut Pasal 310 Ayat (3) KUHP di Indonesia sebagai Alasan Penghapusan Pidana dalam Kegiatan Pers. https://doi.org/10.32734/mah.v1i2.8754
Lamintang, P. A. F., & Djisman, S. (1990). Hukum Pidana Indonesia. Bandung: Sinar Baru.
Limbong, B., & Riswadi, R. (2022, January 1). Authority Of Polri Investigators in The Criminal Justice System in Indonesia. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Law, Social Science, Economics, and Education, ICLSSEE 2022, 16 April 2022, Semarang, Indonesia. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.16-4-2022.2319756
Lokadata.id. “Kapolri Keluarkan Surat Edaran Penanganan kasus UU ITE”.
Maharani, T., & Krisiandi. (2021, March 2). Kabareskrim: Kasus Guru Laporkan Siswa dengan UU ITE di NTT Berakhir Damai. Kompas.com.
Maulana, I., & Agusta, M. (2021). Konsep Dan Implementasi Restorative Justice Di Indonesia. Datin law jurnal, 2(11), 46-70.
Natsif, F. A. (2019). Perlindungan Hak Asasi Manusia Dalam Perspektif Negara Hukum Indonesia (Human Rights Protection In Perspective Indonesian State Law). Al-Risalah, 19(1), 148-158.
Negara, D. S., D. Darmawan, & P. Saktiawan. (2022). Privacy Violations on Social Media and Interpersonal Trust Among Young Generations, Journal of Social Science Studies, 2(2), 151 – 156.
Pinem, S. (2023). Alternative Criminal Punishments for Completion of Misdemeanor Crimes with Social Justice. Journal of Education, Humaniora and Social Sciences. https://doi.org/10.34007/jehss.v5i4.1672
Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 1600 K/PID/2009 tentang Perdamaian dalam Kasus Pidana Nilainya Lebih Tinggi.
Rijadi, P., & Priyati, S. (2017). Reconceptualization of indonesia law substances. https://doi.org/10.21776/UB.BLJ.2017.004.02.03
Rohmana, N. Y. (2017). Prinsip-prinsip hukum tentang tindak pidana penghinaan dan pencemaran nama baik dalam perpspektif perlindungan hak asasi manusia. Yuridika. https://doi.org/10.20473/YDK.V32I1.4831
Samudra, A. H., & Simorangkir, J. (2014). Kebebasan Informasi di Dunia Siber dan Pembajakan Musik, Video dan Software. Jurnal The Arysuta Center Series on Strategic Management, 26.
Santosa, R. (2022). Penyelesaian perkara tindak pidana penghinaan dan atau pencemaran nama baik sebagaimana diatur dalam undang-undang informasi dan transaksi elektronik (ite) dengan pendekatan konsep restorative justice. Legal Spirit. https://doi.org/10.31328/ls.v6i1.3740
See, B. R. (2022). Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Nasabah dan Bank Terhadap Tindak Kejahatan Berbasis Teknologi Informasi (Cyber Crime). Jurnal Hukum Caraka Justitia, 2(1), 54-74.
Sinthiya, I. A. P. A., & Ipnuwati, S. (2022). Ethics of Internet Use (Digital Netiquette) in UU ITE Perspective: Building a Courteous Digital Culture in the Era of Digital Transformation. Journal of Image Processing and Intelligent Remote Sensing. https://doi.org/10.55529/jipirs.24.8.14
Siregar, M. Y., Ablisar, M., Mulyadi, M., & Barus, U. M. (2014). Analisis putusan hakim peradilan pidana terhadap pencabutan perkara delik aduan ( studi putusan mahkamah agung no. 1600 k/pid/2009). USU LAW JOURNAL.
SK Dirjen Badilum Nomor 1691/DJU/SK/PS.00/12/2020 tentang Pemberlakuan Pedoman Penerapan Keadilan Restoratif (Restorative Justice). SK ini terdiri atas Lima Halaman dengan 15 Lampiran yang ditandatangani oleh Dirjen Badilum Prim Haryadi di Jakarta pada 22 Desember 2020.
Soekanto, S., & Mamudji, S. (1995). Penelitian Hukum Normatif Suatu Tinjauan Singkat. Jakarta: Rajawali Pers
Su’udi, S. (2022). Restorative Justice As A Reason For Termination Of Investigations On Criminal Acts Of Hurt Or Destruction In The Electronic Information And Transaction Law. International Journal of Environmental, Sustainability and Social Science. https://doi.org/10.38142/ijesss.v3i3.259
Suda, I. W. J., & Suwanda, I. W. (2022). Kajian tugas dan fungsi polri dalam penegakan hukum. Ganec Swara. https://doi.org/10.35327/gara.v16i1.270
Sulistiani, L., Kusmayanti, H., Rusmiati, E., & Fakhriah, E. L. (2022). Forgiveness and peace agreement as an implementation of living law in certain crimes in Indonesia. International Journal of Health Sciences (IJHS). https://doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v6ns7.12715
Surat Edaran Kapolri Jenderal Listyo Sigit Prabowo Nomor SE/2/11/2021 tentang Kesadaran Budaya Beretika untuk Mewujudkan Ruang Digital Indonesia yang Bersih, Sehat, dan Produktif.
Surat Edaran Kapolri Nomor 7 tahun 2018 (SE/8/VII/2018 tanggal 27 Juli 2018) tentang Penerapan Keadilan Restoratif (Restorative Justice).
Surat Telegram Kabareskrim Nomor STR/583/VIII/2012 tanggal 08 Agustus 2012 tentang Penerapan Restorative Justice.
Umam, A. K., Wahyuningsih, S., & Sulchan, A. (2022). The Authority of Police in Implementation of Restorative Justice in Framework of Enforcement of Criminal Actions in Indonesia. Law Development Journal. https://doi.org/10.30659/ldj.4.1.9-18
Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) Tahun 1948 di butir 8 mengenai Perlakuan adil oleh pengadilan yang adil.
Utami, N. A. T., Rahmah, A. M., & Wahyudi, S. (2023). Kebijakan penerapan keadilan restoratif dalam penegakan hukum di indonesia demi terwujudnya keadilan. https://doi.org/10.20884/1.slr.2023.5.2.14197
UU Republik Indonesia Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik.
UU Republik Indonesia Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 tentang Perubahan atas Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 Tentang Informasi Dan Transaksi Elektronik.