Monopoly Supervision and Competition Law Enforcement in the Natural Resources Sector
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Abstrak
The management of natural resources and extractive industries in Indonesia is at a crossroads between the state's constitutional obligation to prioritise the prosperity of its people and the need to create healthy business competition. This study provides a normative legal analysis of the regulation and enforcement of competition law against monopolies in these sectors. The regulations are based on Article 33 of the 1945 Constitution, Law No. 5 of 1999, and sectoral laws such as the Mineral and Coal Mining Law and the Oil and Gas Law. The main obstacles arise from the dominance of large business actors, overlapping regulations, and the limited authority of supervisors. However, opportunities for strengthening exist through transparency, accountability, regulatory harmonisation, and adaptation to global extractive industry governance standards. Effective enforcement of competition law is considered to strengthen national economic growth, create justice, and ensure the management of national resources for the welfare of all people.
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Referensi
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