Consequences of Default in Commercial Marketplace-Based Digital Business Space Leases

Abstrak

This article examines the legal consequences of default in online marketplace-based business space rental contracts using a normative legal method. The rental object is understood as digital space in the form of placement slots, promotional features, or access to transaction modules provided by the platform operator for a certain period of time in exchange for a price. The analysis is based on the Civil Code regarding the validity of agreements, types of performance, cancellation, and compensation, then combined with the regime of electronic transactions and trading through electronic systems that recognize the binding force of electronic contracts and electronic evidence. The discussion emphasizes that the measurement of performance in digital space must be reduced to traceable service parameters, such as feature activation status, display duration, and service disruption records. Default by the platform operator can take the form of failure to provide access or run features in accordance with the package, termination of service before the end of the term without procedural basis, or negligence in maintaining system reliability that causes prolonged disruption. Breaches by tenants may include failure to make payments, use of digital space for activities that violate the terms and conditions, or actions that trigger suspension of services in accordance with the agreement. The main legal consequences include demands for performance, cancellation of the agreement on mutual obligations, and compensation after a declaration of negligence and proof of loss and causality. In digital transactions, evidence relies on electronic documents, system logs, service correspondence, and package change records, making evidence management a prerequisite for fair dispute resolution. This article offers a normative formulation for assessing the fairness of liability limitation clauses, access termination procedures, and proportional forms of recovery, including service restoration and financial compensation. The findings confirm that the transformation of leasing to the digital space does not eliminate the basic principles of binding agreements, but requires a definition of measurable performance and accountable system accountability mechanisms. The regulatory framework used places electronic contracts as binding agreements and requires system operators to maintain security, reliability, and complaint handling procedures. For businesses, the study's findings provide guidelines for compiling evidence from the outset, formulating service indicators in packages, and negotiating termination clauses. For platforms, the study's findings encourage service standards, transparency of changes, and event-based compensation schemes to reduce disputes and maintain business certainty in the digital ecosystem.