Legal Liability of Mining Companies for Illness and Environmental Remediation Obligations to Local Communities
Isi Artikel Utama
Abstrak
Mining activities have the potential to cause disease in local communities as well as environmental damage as a source of disease. This normative legal study aims to analyses the Indonesian legal framework in regulating the responsibility of mining companies in relation to compensation for illness and environmental remediation. The study was conducted through an in-depth analysis of legislation, including the 1945 Constitution, the Health Law, the Environmental Law, the Mining Law, the Civil Code, and the Criminal Code. The results of the study show that compensation responsibilities are regulated through a combination of constitutional principles of the right to health, the polluter pays principle and strict liability in the Environmental Law, as well as civil lawsuits based on Article 1365 of the Civil Code. Meanwhile, the enforcement of environmental remediation obligations is guaranteed through reclamation and post-mining guarantee funds, progressive administrative sanctions, and civil and criminal charges. This legal framework is quite comprehensive but faces challenges in its operationalization, particularly in terms of scientific causality and the establishment of health-based remediation standards. The success of enforcing corporate responsibility is highly dependent on the institutional capacity of the government, inter-sectoral synergy, and public access to justice. This study recommends the formulation of derivative technical regulations, the integration of health and environmental data, and the strengthening of the capacity of law enforcement officials.
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Referensi
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