The Role of Land Deed Official and Legal Certainty of Mortgage on Uncertified Land Objects
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Abstract
The creation of a mortgage on uncertified land gives rise to legal uncertainty, as registration is a prerequisite for the creation of property rights. This study analyses the validity of creating a mortgage on unregistered land formerly subject to customary rights, the registration procedure, the requirements for legal certainty regarding the subject matter, as well as the role of the Public Notary (PPAT) and the legal risks involved. The method employed is a normative legal approach, utilising statutory and conceptual frameworks. The findings indicate that the creation of a mortgage on uncertified land is permitted concurrently with an application for registration of the right; however, the certification process is frequently hindered, meaning that the mortgage does not come into existence. PPATs face difficulties in verifying the validity of customary land documents, and creditors lose their preferential rights if the certificate is not issued. This risk is particularly high for large-value loans. The study recommends that banks avoid accepting uncertified land as collateral and that the government expedite land registration
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