GHRM for Cost Efficiency and Corporate Resilience during Prolonged Economic Pressure
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Abstract
Green Human Resource Management can support cost efficiency during economic crises by linking environmental practices with employee behavior and operational resource use. This article examines how paperless work, employee-driven energy conservation, and waste reduction can lower operating costs while strengthening corporate resilience. An integrative literature review synthesizes research on GHRM, digital work, employee green behavior, welfare, productivity, and organizational resilience. The findings indicate that paperless practices can reduce administrative materials, storage, travel, and processing time when digitalization is supported by appropriate skills and process redesign. Energy conservation and waste reduction can generate recurring savings when employees receive training, clear targets, supportive leadership, and opportunities to improve work processes. Cost reductions should be measured against output and implementation expenses to distinguish genuine efficiency from lower resource use caused by declining production. GHRM contributes to resilience when firms prioritize waste reduction while preserving critical competence, employee well-being, learning capacity, and workforce retention. Sustainable cost discipline therefore depends on combining resource efficiency with human capability and adaptive organizational systems.
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